Neugebauer Gerry

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'''Gerry Neugebauer''' was born in Germany, the son of famed mathematics and science historian Otto Neugebauer, and moved with his family to Denmark and then Rhode Island in early childhood. He was educated at Cornell University and the California Institute of Technology, where he earned his Ph.D. in physics in 1960. He spent his entire career at Caltech, where he was a professor of physics until his retirement in 1998 and served as director of the Palomar Observatory from 1980–94. Although his doctorate was in particle physics, he quickly turned to astronomy, in particular the new field of infrared observations. This started with his work on infrared detectors when he served in the army, based at Caltech’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, for his first two postdoctoral years. After that he joined the Caltech faculty, where he teamed up with physicist Robert Leighton to build an inexpensive 1.5-m telescope and use it to survey the sky at a wavelength of 2.2 micrometers. The survey found tens of thousands of sources, mostly cool stars, and justifed further work in the infrared. Using conventional telescopes and their own detectors, Neugebauer and his graduate student Eric Becklin discovered a massive star hidden in the Orion Nebula, now known as the “Becklin-Neugebauer object.” it was later identified as a highly obscured newly-forming star. They also discovered infrared radiation from the center of our galaxy and studied this region in detail. While observing planets, stars, nebulae, galaxies, and quasars in the near-infrared from the ground, Neugebauer became co-chairman of the science team of the first orbiting infrared observatory, the Infrared Astronomy Satellite (IRAS). This spacecraft operated for ten months in 1983 and detected about 350,000 objects, including ultraluminous infrared galaxies and debris disks orbiting nearby stars. Working with many colleagues, especially B.T. “Tom” Soifer and Keith Matthews, Neugebauer continued to develop and expand infrared, sub-millimeter, and millimeter wavelength observational astronomy for decades. He was among the leaders in building the W.M. Keck Observatory, and he and his colleagues used it to detect stars orbiting the black hole at the center of the Galaxy. He participated in observations made on several missions to the planets and on the Spitzer and Hubble Space Telescopes and the Infrared Space Observatory. Note: Neugebauer’s first name is pronounced “Gary”.
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{{Tradurre}}
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==Other awards==
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[[Immagine:Neugebauer.jpg|thumb|Gerry Neugebauer]]
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American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Rumford Prize, 1986 (with Robert B. Leighton and Frank J. Low).
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'''Gerald 'Gerry' Neugebauer''' (born 3 September 1932) is an [[United States of America|American]] [[astronomer]] known for his pioneering work in [[infrared astronomy]].
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American Astronomical Society, Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, 1996.
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Royal Astronomical Society, Herschel Medal, 1998.
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Neugebauer was born in [[Göttingen]], [[Germany]] and is the son of [[Otto Neugebauer]], an Austrian-American [[mathematician]] and [[History of science|historian of science]], and Grete Bruck. After moving to the United States at age seven, he received his A.B. in [[physics]] from [[Cornell University]] in 1954 and his Ph.D. in physics from [[California Institute of Technology|Caltech]] in 1960, with a thesis on the photoproduction of negative and positive [[pions]] from [[deuterium]].  
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==Collegamenti esterni==
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http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Neugebauer/Neugebauer.html
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During his military service with the [[U.S. Army]] he was stationed at the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]] and worked for the [[Ordnance Corps (United States Army)|Ordnance Corps]] until 1962. He joined the Caltech faculty in 1962 as an assistant professor, becoming a full professor of physics in 1970. He was named [[Howard Hughes]] Professor in 1985 and Chairman of the Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy in 1988. He is currently the [[Robert Andrews Millikan]] Professor of Physics, Emeritus.
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Neugebauer served as the director of the [[Palomar Observatory]] from 1980 to 1994.
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Neugebauer is internationally recognized as a pioneer in infrared astronomy, and played a leading role in infrared studies of the [[planet]]s. In addition - and largely through his activities with the [[Infrared Astronomical Satellite]] (IRAS) and the [[Infrared Processing and Analysis Center]] (IRAS) - he led both ground- and space-based infrared studies of the [[star]]s, the [[Milky Way]] and other [[galaxy|galaxies]]. Observations by him and his colleagues at [[Mount Wilson Observatory|Mount Wilson]] and Palomar observatories revealed thousands of infrared sources in the sky, and afforded the first infrared view of the galactic center. Together with [[Robert B. Leighton]], he completed the [[Two-Micron Sky Survey]], the first infrared survey of the sky, which cataloged more than 5,000 infrared sources. Together with [[Eric Becklin]], he discovered the [[Becklin-Neugebauer Object]], an intense source of infrared radiation in the [[Orion Nebula]] that is (except for the Sun) the brightest object in the sky at wavelengths less than 10 micrometres.  
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Neugebauer played a major role in the design and construction of the [[W. M. Keck Observatory]] in [[Hawaii]]. Among Neugebauer's numerous awards are two NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medals (1972, 1984), the 1985 Space Science Award of the [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]], the 1985 Richmyer Lecture Award, the 1986 [[Rumford Prize]], the 1996 [[Henry Norris Russell Lectureship]], the 1998 [[Herschel Medal]], and the 2010 [[Bruce Medal]]. He was named California Scientist of the Year for 1986 by the [[California Science Center|California Museum of Science and Industry]], and he was elected to the [[National Academy of the Sciences]], the [[American Philosophical Society]], the [[American Academy of Arts and Sciences]] and the [[Royal Astronomical Society]].
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Neugebauer is married to the [[geophysicist]] [[Marcia Neugebauer]], a pioneer in [[solar wind]] research at the [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]. Both are retired and live in [[Tucson, Arizona]].
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(Neugebauer's first name is pronounced ''"Gary"'', not ''"Jerry"'').
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==Prizes==
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* 1986 [[Rumford Prize]]
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* 1996 [[Henry Norris Russell Lectureship]]
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* 1998 [[Herschel Medal]]
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* 2010 [[Bruce Medal]]
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==External links==
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* [http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200903/backpage.cfm New Eyes on the Universe: 400 Years of Physicist Astronomers]
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* [http://www.nndb.com/people/061/000171545/ Gerry Neugebauer - NNDB biography]
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* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/410475/Gerry-Neugebauer Gerry Neugebauer - Encyclopedia Britannica]
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* [http://members.amphilsoc.org/webLinksPublic.php?MemberId=722 Gerry Neugebauer - Biography, The American Philosophical Society]
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[[categoria:Studiosi]]
[[categoria:Studiosi]]

Versione attuale delle 14:15, 3 apr 2011

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Gerry Neugebauer

Gerald 'Gerry' Neugebauer (born 3 September 1932) is an American astronomer known for his pioneering work in infrared astronomy.

Neugebauer was born in Göttingen, Germany and is the son of Otto Neugebauer, an Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science, and Grete Bruck. After moving to the United States at age seven, he received his A.B. in physics from Cornell University in 1954 and his Ph.D. in physics from Caltech in 1960, with a thesis on the photoproduction of negative and positive pions from deuterium.

During his military service with the U.S. Army he was stationed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and worked for the Ordnance Corps until 1962. He joined the Caltech faculty in 1962 as an assistant professor, becoming a full professor of physics in 1970. He was named Howard Hughes Professor in 1985 and Chairman of the Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy in 1988. He is currently the Robert Andrews Millikan Professor of Physics, Emeritus.

Neugebauer served as the director of the Palomar Observatory from 1980 to 1994.

Neugebauer is internationally recognized as a pioneer in infrared astronomy, and played a leading role in infrared studies of the planets. In addition - and largely through his activities with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IRAS) - he led both ground- and space-based infrared studies of the stars, the Milky Way and other galaxies. Observations by him and his colleagues at Mount Wilson and Palomar observatories revealed thousands of infrared sources in the sky, and afforded the first infrared view of the galactic center. Together with Robert B. Leighton, he completed the Two-Micron Sky Survey, the first infrared survey of the sky, which cataloged more than 5,000 infrared sources. Together with Eric Becklin, he discovered the Becklin-Neugebauer Object, an intense source of infrared radiation in the Orion Nebula that is (except for the Sun) the brightest object in the sky at wavelengths less than 10 micrometres.

Neugebauer played a major role in the design and construction of the W. M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii. Among Neugebauer's numerous awards are two NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medals (1972, 1984), the 1985 Space Science Award of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, the 1985 Richmyer Lecture Award, the 1986 Rumford Prize, the 1996 Henry Norris Russell Lectureship, the 1998 Herschel Medal, and the 2010 Bruce Medal. He was named California Scientist of the Year for 1986 by the California Museum of Science and Industry, and he was elected to the National Academy of the Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Royal Astronomical Society.

Neugebauer is married to the geophysicist Marcia Neugebauer, a pioneer in solar wind research at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Both are retired and live in Tucson, Arizona.

(Neugebauer's first name is pronounced "Gary", not "Jerry").

Prizes

External links

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